URL (Uniform resource locator) is the pointer / locator of an Active Web Page. These URLs may also be refer to as domains or portals, which are links to navigate billions of webpages.
The URL is used to address a document for order data on the World Wide Web. When you click on a link in an HTML document, an underlying anchor points to a page ( a domain address) on the Web with attribute value like this:
W3schools
A full Web address follows these syntax rules:
Scheme://host.domain:port/path/filename
The scheme is defining the type of Internet service. The most common type is http.
The domain is defining the Internet domain name like w3schools.com.
The host is defining the domain host. If omitted, the default host for http is www.
The :port is defining the port number at the host. The port number is normally omitted. The default port number for http is 80.
The path is defining a path (a subdirectory) at the server. If the path is omitted, the resource (the document) must be located at the
- root directory of the Website
.
The filename is defining the name of a document. The default filename might be default.asp, index.html or something else depending on the setting of the wed server.
URL Schemes
Examples of common schemes are found on the table below.
| SCHEMES | ACCESS |
| file | a file on your local platform |
| ftp | a file on an FTP server |
| http | a file on a World Wide Web server |
| gopher | a file on a Gopher server |
| news | a Usenet newsgroup |
| telnet | a Telnet connection |
| WAIS | a file on a WAIS server |
Accessing a Newsgroup
The following HTML code:
HTML Newsgroup
creates a link to a newsgroup.
Downloading with FTP
The following HTML code
Download winzip
creates a link to a FTP directory. (If link doesn’t work. Don’t border.)
You may want to search http://www.google.com to download a winzip.exe
Link to your Mail system
The following HTML code:
someone@gmail.com
creates a link that opens a new e-mail message addressed to the address above.
Common URL Encoding Characters
| CHARACTER | URL ENCODING |
| space | %20 |
| @ | %40 |
| ! | %21 |
| “ | %22 |
| & | %26 |
| / | %2F |
| + | %2B |
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